INTER-AS COMMUNICATION SCENARIO ACROSS SERVICE PROVIDERS

Rashmi Bhardwaj | Blog,Config & Troubleshoot,Routing & Switching
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There are various methods in which the two autonomous systems of different service providers can interact to provide service to same customer locations in different geographies.

Listed below are some suitable methods to achieve AS-AS communication –

1: Option A – VRF-VRF.

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2: Option B has following three methods again

  • 2A – Next-Hop-Self
  • 2B – Redistribute Connected
  • 2C – eBGP -Multihop

3: Option C – RR to RR.

Note – This document will only address to  Option A – VRF-VRF communication.

The need for Inter-AS communication arises when a customer needs to have Connectivity across all its branch offices globally and no single service provider have network availability (feasibility) across all the branch locations of the same customer.

In such cases the Global service provider take help of regional service provider to cater to customer traffic in that region.

In this document we will go ahead and configure VRF-VRF method between two AS (AS100 of Service Provider 1 and AS200 of Service provider 2). Other options will be discussed in the upcoming posts.

TOPOLOGY

inter-as-communication-scenario-across-service-providers

Router detail is shared in the table –

inter-as-communication-scenario-across-service-providers

 

inter-as-communication-scenario-across-service-providersIn the above topology R1 represents router at customer Site 1 and R10 represents router at customer site 2 in two different regions.

Service Provider 1(AS100) with the help of Service provider 2 (AS200) is able to cater to its customer site in a region in which it doesn’t have presence but service provider 2 has.

In order the achieve this an eBGP neighbourship is created between the AS gateways R5 and R6 using the respective VRF address-family.

Also the interfaces on which the two service providers connect should be under respective VRF.

Similarly if we have more than one customer here, we would require equal number of interfaces/sub-interfaces to connect between R5 & R6 and assign them to respective VRF. (This can also be stated as a drawback of using this method)

 

EXPECTED OUTPUT –

The scenario will be considered complete when Loopback of R1 is able to Loopback of R10.

 

SCENARIO AS BELOW –

R5 CONFIG:

interface FastEthernet0/1

vrf forwarding ASGW1

ip address 9.9.56.5 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW1

neighbor 9.9.56.6 remote-as 200    #Creating IPV4 eBGP  neighbourship with the Service Provider 2 Gateway Router R6#

neighbor 9.9.56.6 activate

exit-address-family

R6 CONFIG:

interface FastEthernet0/0

vrf forwarding ASGW2

ip address 9.9.56.6 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW2

neighbor 9.9.56.5 remote-as 100 #Creating IPV4 eBGP  neighbourship with the Service Provider 2 Gateway Router R5#

neighbor 9.9.56.5 activate

exit-address-family

COMPLETE CONFIGURATION –

R1 CONFIG –

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.1 255.255.255.255

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.12.1 255.255.255.0

!

router bgp 300

bgp log-neighbor-changes

network 9.9.0.1 mask 255.255.255.255

neighbor 9.9.12.2 remote-as 100

 

R2 CONFIG –

ip cef

vrf definition ASGW1

rd 2:2

route-target export 2:1

route-target import 5:1

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.2 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

vrf forwarding ASGW1

ip address 9.9.12.2 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.23.2 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

router bgp 100

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.3 remote-as 100

neighbor 9.9.0.3 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.3 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.3 send-community both

exit-address-family

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW1

neighbor 9.9.12.1 remote-as 300

neighbor 9.9.12.1 activate

neighbor 9.9.12.1 as-override

exit-address-family

 

R3 CONFIG –

ip cef

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.3 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.23.3 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.34.3 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!
router bgp 100

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.2 remote-as 100

neighbor 9.9.0.2 update-source Loopback0

neighbor 9.9.0.4 remote-as 100

neighbor 9.9.0.4 update-source Loopback0

neighbor 9.9.0.5 remote-as 100

neighbor 9.9.0.5 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.2 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.2 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.2 route-reflector-client

neighbor 9.9.0.4 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.4 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.4 route-reflector-client

neighbor 9.9.0.5 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.5 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.5 route-reflector-client

exit-address-family

 

R4 CONFIG –

ip cef

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.4 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.34.4 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.45.4 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

 

R5 CONFIG –

ip cef

vrf definition ASGW1

rd 5:5

route-target export 5:1

route-target import 2:1

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.5 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.45.5 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

vrf forwarding ASGW1

ip address 9.9.56.5 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

router bgp 100

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.3 remote-as 100

neighbor 9.9.0.3 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.3 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.3 send-community both

exit-address-family

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW1

neighbor 9.9.56.6 remote-as 200    #Creating IPV4 eBGP  neigghbourship with the Service Provider 2 Gateway Router R6#

neighbor 9.9.56.6 activate

exit-address-family

 

R6 CONFIG –

ip cef

vrf definition ASGW2

rd 6:6

route-target export 6:1

route-target import 9:1

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.6 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

vrf forwarding ASGW2

ip address 9.9.56.6 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.67.6 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

router bgp 200

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.7 remote-as 200

neighbor 9.9.0.7 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.7 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.7 send-community both

exit-address-family

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW2

neighbor 9.9.56.5 remote-as 100 #Creating IPV4 eBGP  neigghbourship with the Service Provider 2 Gateway Router R5#

neighbor 9.9.56.5 activate

exit-address-family

 

R7 CONFIG –

ip cef

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.7 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.67.7 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.78.7 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

router bgp 200

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.6 remote-as 200

neighbor 9.9.0.6 update-source Loopback0

neighbor 9.9.0.8 remote-as 200

neighbor 9.9.0.8 update-source Loopback0

neighbor 9.9.0.9 remote-as 200

neighbor 9.9.0.9 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.6 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.6 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.6 route-reflector-client

neighbor 9.9.0.8 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.8 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.8 route-reflector-client

neighbor 9.9.0.9 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.9 send-community extended

neighbor 9.9.0.9 route-reflector-client

exit-address-family

 

R8 CONFIG –

ip cef

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.8 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.78.8 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

ip address 9.9.89.8 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

 

R9 CONFIG –

ip cef

vrf definition ASGW2

rd 9:9

route-target export 9:1

route-target import 6:1

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.9 255.255.255.255

ip ospf 1 area 0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.89.9 255.255.255.0

ip ospf 1 area 0

mpls ip

!

interface FastEthernet0/1

vrf forwarding ASGW2

ip address 9.9.109.9 255.255.255.0

mpls ip

!

router bgp 200

bgp log-neighbor-changes

no bgp default ipv4-unicast

neighbor 9.9.0.7 remote-as 200

neighbor 9.9.0.7 update-source Loopback0

!

address-family ipv4

exit-address-family

!

address-family vpnv4

neighbor 9.9.0.7 activate

neighbor 9.9.0.7 send-community both

exit-address-family

!

address-family ipv4 vrf ASGW2

neighbor 9.9.109.10 remote-as 300

neighbor 9.9.109.10 activate

neighbor 9.9.109.10 as-override

exit-address-family

 

R10 CONFIG –

interface Loopback0

ip address 9.9.0.10 255.255.255.255

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 9.9.109.10 255.255.255.0

!

router bgp 300

bgp log-neighbor-changes

network 9.9.0.10 mask 255.255.255.255

neighbor 9.9.109.9 remote-as 200

VERIFICATION:

R1#ping 9.9.0.10 source 9.9.0.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 9.9.0.10, timeout is 2 seconds:

Packet sent with a source address of 9.9.0.1

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 280/323/372 ms

 

R1#traceroute 9.9.0.10 source 9.9.0.1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 9.9.0.10

VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)

1 9.9.12.2 96 msec 92 msec 32 msec

2 9.9.23.3 [MPLS: Labels 19/22 Exp 0] 208 msec 152 msec 128 msec

3 9.9.34.4 [MPLS: Labels 19/22 Exp 0] 484 msec 184 msec 100 msec

4 9.9.56.5 [MPLS: Label 22 Exp 0] 128 msec 144 msec 140 msec

5 9.9.56.6 196 msec 168 msec 136 msec

6 9.9.67.7 [MPLS: Labels 19/22 Exp 0] 336 msec 276 msec 264 msec

7 9.9.78.8 [MPLS: Labels 19/22 Exp 0] 252 msec 248 msec 268 msec

8 9.9.109.9 [MPLS: Label 22 Exp 0] 228 msec 216 msec 244 msec

9 9.9.109.10 240 msec 284 msec 196 msec

Able to see the loopback route of R1 on R6:

R6#sh ip bgp vpnv4 vrf ASGW2

BGP table version is 4, local router ID is 9.9.0.6

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,

x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Route Distinguisher: 6:6 (default for vrf ASGW2)

*>  9.9.0.1/32       9.9.56.5                               0 100 300 I                #Next-Hop is router R5#

*>i 9.9.0.10/32      9.9.0.9                  0    100      0 300 i

Able to see the loopback route of R10 on R5.

R5#sh ip bgp vpnv4 vrf ASGW1

BGP table version is 4, local router ID is 9.9.0.5

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

r RIB-failure, S Stale, m multipath, b backup-path, f RT-Filter,

x best-external, a additional-path, c RIB-compressed,

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

RPKI validation codes: V valid, I invalid, N Not found

 

Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

Route Distinguisher: 5:5 (default for vrf ASGW1)

*>i 9.9.0.1/32       9.9.0.2                  0    100      0 300 i

*>  9.9.0.10/32      9.9.56.6                               0 200 300 I                #Next-Hop is router R6#    

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